Tham khảo Tử hình bằng đại bác

  1. 1 2 Calcutta Review (1851), p. 395
  2. 1 2 Alden (1996), p. 55
  3. Southey (1822), p.469
  4. 17th century case, Afsos, Court (1871), p. 64, 18th century case Hazārah, McChesney, Khorrami (2012), p. 54
  5. Long (1869), p. 397–398
  6. February 1781 Parlby (1822), p. 188, May 1783 Baillie (1788), p. 490, July 1783 Forbes (1815), p. 123, October 1783 Forbes (1815), p. 133 November 1783 Baillie (1788), p. 468
  7. Long (1869), p. 51 page 224
  8. Past Present, Volume 233, Issue 1, November 2016, Pages 185-225, Calculated to Strike Terror: The Amritsar Massacre and the Spectacle of Colonial Violence by Kim A. Wagner, https://academic.oup.com/past/article/233/1/185/2915150/Calculated-to-Strike-Terror-The-Amritsar-Massacre
  9. Cullather, Meyerowitz (2003), p. 50
  10. Boyar, Fleet (2010), p. 112
  11. Campbell (1839), p. 421
  12. Duff (1826, 3), p. 190, and Lal, Prinsep (1831), p. 127
  13. Ball, (1859, 3), p. 411
  14. "It is a curious fact, and well attested by many persons present, that a number of kites (a bird of prey very common in India) actually accompanied the melancholy party in their progress to the place of execution, as if they knew what was going on, and then kept hovering over the guns from which the culprits were to be blown away, flapping their wings, and shrieking, as if in anticipation of their bloody feast, till the fatal flash, which scattered the fragments of bodies in the air; when, pouncing on their prey, they positively caught in their talons many pieces of the quivering flesh before they could reach the ground! At sight of this the native troops employed on this duty, together with the crowd which had assembled to witness the execution, set up a yell of horror".. The description is from the execution of those found guilty in the Vellore Mutiny in 1806, Blakiston (1829), p. 309.
  15. In an 1845 Herat case: "It was a scene that I shall never forget—a horrid spectacle, and touched me to the very heart. The broken limbs of the unfortunate man were scattered in all directions, while his bowels, which had not been thrown to so great a distance, were in an instant devoured by the dogs that were loitering about the spot." Ferrier (1856), p. 189.
  16. See, for example, Heathcote (1995), p. 105, and Fremont-Barnes (2007), p. 79 [liên kết hỏng].
  17. Sabahuddin, Shukla (2003), p. 122
  18. Afsos (1871), p. 64
  19. Asiatic Soicety of Bengal (1847), p. 658
  20. Hazārah, McChesney, Khorrami (2012), p. 54
  21. Bakshi (1997), p. 103–104
  22. Irvine (1922), thieves, p. 287, and deserters, p. 415.
  23. Ribeiro, Le Grand (1847), p. 138
  24. According to the same source, this punishment was only inflicted in cases of rebellion, otherwise, deportation was the most severe punishment Thoman (1869), p. 111
  25. Salt (1814), p. 39–40
  26. Southey (1822), p. 469

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